Anatomy, MBBS Second Year. This chapter is split into 3 topics and has
119 practice questions. The topics covered are listed below, followed by
10 free sample questions from the chapter.
Topics in this chapter
Oral cavity: boundaries, divisions and ducts32 questions
Nerve supply of the oral cavity, teeth and gingiva33 questions
The tongue: structure, mucous membrane, muscles and nerve supply54 questions
Sample questions: HN 44. The oral cavity and the tongue
10 sample questions with the correct answer and an explanation. Try to answer each one before reading the explanation.
Q1. Which statement about the oral cavity is correct?
A. Its roof is the palate (hard palate anterior 2/3, soft palate posterior 1/3), its floor the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and the floor of the mouth, its front and sides the cheeks and lips and its posterior boundary the oropharynx (isthmus); it is divided into vestibule (outside the alveolar arches) and cavity proper (inside), and contains the tongue, teeth and gland ducts(correct answer)
B. It has no division
C. Its roof is the tongue
D. Its posterior boundary is the soft palate
Answer: A.Oral cavity: roof — palate (hard palate anterior 2/3, soft palate posterior 1/3); floor — anterior 2/3 of the tongue and floor of the mouth; front and sides — cheeks and lips; posterior — oropharynx (isthmus). Divisions — vestibule (outside the alveolar arches) and cavity proper (inside). Contents — tongue, teeth and gland ducts.
Q2. Which statement about the nerve supply of the oral cavity is correct?
A. The cheek is supplied by the lingual nerve
B. Palate — greater and lesser palatine and nasopalatine nerves (maxillary); floor — lingual nerve (mandibular); cheek — buccal nerve (mandibular); maxillary teeth — superior alveolar nerves; mandibular teeth — inferior alveolar nerve and incisive branch(correct answer)
C. All parts are supplied by the maxillary nerve
D. The floor is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer: B.Nerve supply of the oral cavity: palate — greater palatine, lesser palatine and nasopalatine nerves (maxillary nerve/sphenopalatine ganglion); floor — lingual nerve (mandibular nerve); cheek — buccal nerve (mandibular nerve); teeth — maxillary teeth by the superior alveolar nerves, mandibular teeth by the inferior alveolar nerve and incisive branch.
Q3. Which statement summarises the nerve supply of the oral cavity?
A. All by the facial nerve
B. Roof (palate) — greater palatine, lesser palatine and nasopalatine nerves of the maxillary nerve; floor — lingual nerve of the mandibular nerve; cheek — buccal nerve of the mandibular nerve; teeth — superior alveolar nerves (maxillary) and inferior alveolar nerve + incisive branch (mandibular)(correct answer)
C. All by the hypoglossal nerve
D. All by the glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer: B.Oral cavity nerve supply: roof/palate — greater palatine, lesser palatine and nasopalatine nerves (maxillary nerve/sphenopalatine ganglion); floor — lingual nerve (mandibular nerve); cheek — buccal nerve (mandibular nerve); teeth — superior alveolar nerves for maxillary teeth, inferior alveolar nerve with incisive branch for mandibular teeth; gingiva — alveolar/buccal and mental nerves (buccal surfaces) and nasopalatine/greater palatine or lingual nerves (lingual surfaces).
Q4. Which comparison of the oral and pharyngeal parts of the tongue is correct?
A. The oral part has the lingual tonsil
B. Both parts are smooth
C. The oral part (anterior 2/3) lies in the oral cavity, has a rough mucous membrane with papillae, no lymphoid follicles, is supplied by the lingual and chorda tympani nerves, develops from the 1st arch and is supplied by the deep lingual artery; the pharyngeal part (posterior 1/3) lies in the pharynx, is smooth and nodular with lymphoid follicles (lingual tonsil), is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve, develops from the 3rd arch and is supplied by the dorsal lingual arteries(correct answer)
D. The pharyngeal part develops from the 1st arch
Answer: C.Comparison of the two parts: oral (anterior 2/3) — in the oral cavity, rough (papillae), no lymphoid follicles, lingual and chorda tympani nerves, 1st arch, deep lingual artery. Pharyngeal (posterior 1/3) — in the pharynx, smooth, nodular with lymphoid follicles (lingual tonsil), glossopharyngeal nerve, 3rd arch, dorsal lingual arteries.
Q5. Which structures are seen on the ventral surface of the tongue on each side of the midline?
A. Only the frenulum
B. The deep lingual vein (with the deep lingual artery and lingual nerve), the fimbriated fold, the sublingual fold with the openings of the sublingual ducts, and the opening of the submandibular duct(correct answer)
C. The lingual tonsil and the sulcus terminalis
D. The vallate and foliate papillae
Answer: B.On each side of the midline of the ventral surface of the tongue: (1) the deep lingual vein, with the deep lingual artery and lingual nerve; (2) the fimbriated fold; (3) the sublingual fold and the openings of the sublingual ducts; (4) the opening of the submandibular duct.
Q6. Which statement about the arterial supply of the oral cavity is correct?
A. The soft palate is supplied only by the facial artery
B. All regions are supplied by the maxillary artery
C. The floor of the mouth is supplied by the facial artery
D. Hard palate — greater palatine and sphenopalatine arteries (maxillary); soft palate — lesser palatine (maxillary), ascending palatine (facial) and palatine branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery; lips and cheeks — facial artery; floor — lingual artery (dorsal lingual and sublingual arteries)(correct answer)
Answer: D.Oral cavity arterial supply: hard palate — greater palatine and sphenopalatine arteries (maxillary artery); soft palate — lesser palatine artery (maxillary), ascending palatine artery (facial) and palatine branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery; lips and cheeks — facial artery (superior and inferior labial); floor — lingual artery (dorsal lingual arteries, sublingual artery).
Q7. Which statement summarises the tongue's structure and mucous membrane?
A. The tongue consists of mucous membrane and muscles, divided into the oral part (body, anterior 2/3 with filiform, fungiform, vallate and foliate papillae) and the pharyngeal part (root, posterior 1/3 — smooth and nodular, forming the lingual tonsil), separated by the sulcus terminalis(correct answer)
B. The tongue has no muscles
C. The tongue is all smooth
D. The oral part bears the lingual tonsil
Answer: A.The tongue consists of mucous membrane and muscles, divided by the sulcus terminalis into the oral part (body, anterior 2/3 — rough with filiform, fungiform, vallate and foliate papillae) and the pharyngeal part (root, posterior 1/3 — smooth, nodular mucous membrane forming the lingual tonsil).
Q8. Which comparison of the superficial and deep relations of the hyoglossus is correct?
A. Superficially lie the styloglossus, lingual nerve/submandibular ganglion, deep part of the submandibular gland and duct, hypoglossal nerve and suprahyoid artery, while deeply lie the stylohyoid ligament, stylopharyngeus, glossopharyngeal nerve, 2nd part of the lingual artery and genioglossus(correct answer)
B. The hypoglossal nerve lies deep to the hyoglossus
C. The glossopharyngeal nerve lies superficial to the hyoglossus
D. The styloglossus lies deep to the hyoglossus
Answer: A.Superficial to the hyoglossus — styloglossus, lingual nerve and submandibular ganglion, deep part of the submandibular gland and duct, hypoglossal nerve, suprahyoid artery. Deep to the hyoglossus — stylohyoid ligament, stylopharyngeus, glossopharyngeal nerve, 2nd part of the lingual artery, genioglossus.
Q9. Which statement about the tongue's muscles, nerves and lymph is correct?
A. The posterior 1/3 is supplied by the chorda tympani
B. The tongue has 4 extrinsic muscles (genioglossus — protrusion; styloglossus — retraction; hyoglossus — depression; palatoglossus — elevation) and 4 intrinsic muscles; motor supply is hypoglossal except palatoglossus (vagus); sensory — anterior 2/3 lingual nerve (general) and chorda tympani (taste), posterior 1/3 glossopharyngeal, most posterior part vagus; lymph — tip submental, anterior 2/3 submandibular (central bilateral), posterior 1/3 upper deep cervical(correct answer)
C. The tip drains to the upper deep cervical nodes
D. All the tongue muscles are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve without exception
Q10. Which nerve supplies the incisors and canine of the maxilla?
A. The middle superior alveolar nerve
B. The inferior alveolar nerve
C. The anterior superior alveolar nerve(correct answer)
D. The posterior superior alveolar nerve
Answer: C.The maxillary teeth are supplied by the maxillary nerve: the anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies the incisors and canine, the middle superior alveolar nerve the premolars and the posterior superior alveolar nerve the molars.